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1. Active surveillance
For small asymptomatic tumors, periodic MRI is used to monitor growth. This approach is suitable for older patients or those with significant comorbidities to avoid treatment-related risks.
2. Stereotactic radiotherapy
Gamma Knife or CyberKnife delivers high-precision irradiation to inhibit tumor growth. It is suitable for small-to-medium tumors or postoperative residual disease and supports functional preservation.
3. Microsurgical resection
Tumor removal via approaches such as translabyrinthine or middle fossa routes, aiming for gross total resection while preserving facial and cochlear nerve function whenever possible.
4. Endoscope-assisted surgery
Endoscopy provides enhanced illumination and visualization, facilitating nerve preservation and complementing microscope-based techniques.
5. Facial nerve monitoring
Continuous intraoperative monitoring reduces iatrogenic injury risk and improves facial nerve preservation rates.
6. Hearing preservation techniques
Strategies are selected based on preoperative hearing status and tumor size, incorporating auditory brainstem monitoring to support hearing preservation.
7. Intraoperative MRI navigation
Real-time localization of the tumor and critical neural structures improves surgical precision and is useful in complex cases.
8. Vestibular rehabilitation
Postoperative vestibular compensation training improves balance and vertigo, including optokinetic training and balance exercises.
9. Auditory rehabilitation
Hearing aid fitting and auditory training improve communication; in bilateral tumors, an auditory brainstem implant may be considered.
10. Facial rehabilitation
For facial palsy, facial muscle training and neuromuscular re-education, including massage and electrical stimulation, may be used.
11. Medical therapy
For advanced or recurrent cases, dehydration agents may be used to control intracranial hypertension, and neurotrophic agents may support functional recovery.
Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine emphasizes that although acoustic neuroma is benign, delayed management can lead to severe neurological impairment. Individualized planning should integrate tumor characteristics, age, and functional needs. Combining minimally invasive surgery with precision radiotherapy can improve prognosis. Early diagnosis is pivotal, and timely medical evaluation is recommended.
1. Active surveillance
For small asymptomatic tumors, periodic MRI is used to monitor growth. This approach is suitable for older patients or those with significant comorbidities to avoid treatment-related risks.
2. Stereotactic radiotherapy
Gamma Knife or CyberKnife delivers high-precision irradiation to inhibit tumor growth. It is suitable for small-to-medium tumors or postoperative residual disease and supports functional preservation.
3. Microsurgical resection
Tumor removal via approaches such as translabyrinthine or middle fossa routes, aiming for gross total resection while preserving facial and cochlear nerve function whenever possible.
4. Endoscope-assisted surgery
Endoscopy provides enhanced illumination and visualization, facilitating nerve preservation and complementing microscope-based techniques.
5. Facial nerve monitoring
Continuous intraoperative monitoring reduces iatrogenic injury risk and improves facial nerve preservation rates.
6. Hearing preservation techniques
Strategies are selected based on preoperative hearing status and tumor size, incorporating auditory brainstem monitoring to support hearing preservation.
7. Intraoperative MRI navigation
Real-time localization of the tumor and critical neural structures improves surgical precision and is useful in complex cases.
8. Vestibular rehabilitation
Postoperative vestibular compensation training improves balance and vertigo, including optokinetic training and balance exercises.
9. Auditory rehabilitation
Hearing aid fitting and auditory training improve communication; in bilateral tumors, an auditory brainstem implant may be considered.
10. Facial rehabilitation
For facial palsy, facial muscle training and neuromuscular re-education, including massage and electrical stimulation, may be used.
11. Medical therapy
For advanced or recurrent cases, dehydration agents may be used to control intracranial hypertension, and neurotrophic agents may support functional recovery.
Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine emphasizes that although acoustic neuroma is benign, delayed management can lead to severe neurological impairment. Individualized planning should integrate tumor characteristics, age, and functional needs. Combining minimally invasive surgery with precision radiotherapy can improve prognosis. Early diagnosis is pivotal, and timely medical evaluation is recommended.