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Glioma Treatment Modalities
1.Maximal safe surgical resection
The cornerstone of treatment, aiming to remove as much tumor as possible while preserving function and providing tissue for pathological evaluation.
2.Minimally invasive surgical techniques
Neuronavigation, intraoperative MRI, and fluorescence-guided surgery enable more precise and safer resection.
3.Stereotactic biopsy
Precisely obtains tissue from deep-seated lesions or tumors in eloquent areas to establish histopathological and molecular diagnosis.
4.Radiotherapy (external beam)
A standard adjuvant treatment after surgery for high-grade glioma. Intensity-modulated techniques improve target conformity while sparing normal brain tissue.
5.Chemotherapy
Concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide is standard; PCV is used for oligodendroglioma in selected settings.
6.Tumor treating fields (TTFields)
A physical modality that disrupts mitosis; used for newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma.
7.Targeted therapy
Bevacizumab inhibits angiogenesis, and BRAF inhibitors may be used for selected molecular subtypes with specific mutations.
8.Immunotherapy
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T therapy, and vaccines are largely in clinical trial stages and offer potential options for refractory tumors.
9.Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT)
A minimally invasive thermal ablation approach for deep recurrent lesions, with limited trauma and faster recovery.
10.Supportive and symptomatic care
Intracranial pressure control, antiseizure therapy, analgesia, nutritional support, and rehabilitation throughout the disease course to maintain quality of life.
11.Multidisciplinary collaborative model
An MDT team integrates expertise across specialties to develop individualized, longitudinal management plans.
Conclusion
Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine emphasizes that glioma treatment — especially for high-grade disease — remains a global challenge. Maximal safe resection is foundational, and the MDT model is central. Integrating surgery, chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and TTFields within individualized sequential strategies is the optimal approach to delay progression and prolong high-quality survival. Longitudinal care requires close collaboration between clinicians and patients.
Glioma Treatment Modalities
1.Maximal safe surgical resection
The cornerstone of treatment, aiming to remove as much tumor as possible while preserving function and providing tissue for pathological evaluation.
2.Minimally invasive surgical techniques
Neuronavigation, intraoperative MRI, and fluorescence-guided surgery enable more precise and safer resection.
3.Stereotactic biopsy
Precisely obtains tissue from deep-seated lesions or tumors in eloquent areas to establish histopathological and molecular diagnosis.
4.Radiotherapy (external beam)
A standard adjuvant treatment after surgery for high-grade glioma. Intensity-modulated techniques improve target conformity while sparing normal brain tissue.
5.Chemotherapy
Concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide is standard; PCV is used for oligodendroglioma in selected settings.
6.Tumor treating fields (TTFields)
A physical modality that disrupts mitosis; used for newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma.
7.Targeted therapy
Bevacizumab inhibits angiogenesis, and BRAF inhibitors may be used for selected molecular subtypes with specific mutations.
8.Immunotherapy
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T therapy, and vaccines are largely in clinical trial stages and offer potential options for refractory tumors.
9.Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT)
A minimally invasive thermal ablation approach for deep recurrent lesions, with limited trauma and faster recovery.
10.Supportive and symptomatic care
Intracranial pressure control, antiseizure therapy, analgesia, nutritional support, and rehabilitation throughout the disease course to maintain quality of life.
11.Multidisciplinary collaborative model
An MDT team integrates expertise across specialties to develop individualized, longitudinal management plans.
Conclusion
Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine emphasizes that glioma treatment — especially for high-grade disease — remains a global challenge. Maximal safe resection is foundational, and the MDT model is central. Integrating surgery, chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and TTFields within individualized sequential strategies is the optimal approach to delay progression and prolong high-quality survival. Longitudinal care requires close collaboration between clinicians and patients.