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1. Headache
Intermittent distending pain in early stages that progresses to persistent severe headache, often worse in the morning, accompanied by nausea and vomiting—typical of increased intracranial pressure.
2. Visual acuity and visual field impairment
Compression of the optic chiasm can cause bitemporal hemianopia and progressively worsening vision; advanced disease may result in blindness.
3. Hypothalamic–pituitary dysfunction
Deficiency of antidiuretic hormone can lead to central diabetes insipidus with intense thirst and marked polyuria, and can disrupt multiple pituitary hormone axes.
4. Growth, development, and endocrine disturbances
In children, growth retardation and delayed puberty; in adults, decreased libido, amenorrhea, cold intolerance, fatigue, and hypotension.
5. Syndrome of increased intracranial pressure
Obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid pathways may cause hydrocephalus, severe headache, projectile vomiting, and papilledema.
6. Symptoms related to hypothalamic injury
Hypothalamic involvement may cause temperature dysregulation, sleep disturbance, appetite and weight abnormalities, and neuropsychiatric changes.
7. Other neurological symptoms
Compression of adjacent neural structures may cause ophthalmoplegia with diplopia, limb weakness, gait instability, and related focal deficits.
Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine emphasizes that although craniopharyngioma is benign, it can lead to vision loss, growth arrest, and metabolic dysregulation. Symptoms warrant active and standardized management. Early recognition and MDT-based intervention are pivotal for improving prognosis, and lifelong follow-up is required.
1. Headache
Intermittent distending pain in early stages that progresses to persistent severe headache, often worse in the morning, accompanied by nausea and vomiting—typical of increased intracranial pressure.
2. Visual acuity and visual field impairment
Compression of the optic chiasm can cause bitemporal hemianopia and progressively worsening vision; advanced disease may result in blindness.
3. Hypothalamic–pituitary dysfunction
Deficiency of antidiuretic hormone can lead to central diabetes insipidus with intense thirst and marked polyuria, and can disrupt multiple pituitary hormone axes.
4. Growth, development, and endocrine disturbances
In children, growth retardation and delayed puberty; in adults, decreased libido, amenorrhea, cold intolerance, fatigue, and hypotension.
5. Syndrome of increased intracranial pressure
Obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid pathways may cause hydrocephalus, severe headache, projectile vomiting, and papilledema.
6. Symptoms related to hypothalamic injury
Hypothalamic involvement may cause temperature dysregulation, sleep disturbance, appetite and weight abnormalities, and neuropsychiatric changes.
7. Other neurological symptoms
Compression of adjacent neural structures may cause ophthalmoplegia with diplopia, limb weakness, gait instability, and related focal deficits.
Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine emphasizes that although craniopharyngioma is benign, it can lead to vision loss, growth arrest, and metabolic dysregulation. Symptoms warrant active and standardized management. Early recognition and MDT-based intervention are pivotal for improving prognosis, and lifelong follow-up is required.