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1. Painless testicular mass
Usually firm, poorly demarcated, and non-tender, with gradual enlargement over time.
2. Testicular swelling or enlargement
Diffuse enlargement of the affected testis, often with a feeling of heaviness; the surface may become irregular.
3. Scrotal heaviness or discomfort
A dull ache or dragging sensation that may radiate to the groin and is easily misdiagnosed.
4. Acute pain
In a minority of patients, hemorrhage or infarction within the tumor may cause sudden severe pain, mimicking testicular torsion.
5. Gynecomastia or breast tenderness
Hormone-producing tumors may stimulate breast enlargement and tenderness in males.
6. Symptoms related to metastasis
Back pain, cough, and shortness of breath may occur, most commonly due to lymph node or lung metastases.
7. Systemic symptoms
Fatigue and weight loss may develop; cachexia can appear in advanced stages.
8. Endocrine disturbance symptoms
Hormone secretion may alter secondary sexual characteristics and affect psychological well-being.
Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine emphasizes that testicular cancer mainly affects young men, and its early symptoms may be subtle and easily overlooked. Regular self-examination and timely medical evaluation are key to early detection. Once diagnosed, patients should actively cooperate with standardized treatment. With continuing advances in medical technology, cure rates for testicular cancer have improved markedly, and even some patients with advanced disease still have a chance of radical cure.
1. Painless testicular mass
Usually firm, poorly demarcated, and non-tender, with gradual enlargement over time.
2. Testicular swelling or enlargement
Diffuse enlargement of the affected testis, often with a feeling of heaviness; the surface may become irregular.
3. Scrotal heaviness or discomfort
A dull ache or dragging sensation that may radiate to the groin and is easily misdiagnosed.
4. Acute pain
In a minority of patients, hemorrhage or infarction within the tumor may cause sudden severe pain, mimicking testicular torsion.
5. Gynecomastia or breast tenderness
Hormone-producing tumors may stimulate breast enlargement and tenderness in males.
6. Symptoms related to metastasis
Back pain, cough, and shortness of breath may occur, most commonly due to lymph node or lung metastases.
7. Systemic symptoms
Fatigue and weight loss may develop; cachexia can appear in advanced stages.
8. Endocrine disturbance symptoms
Hormone secretion may alter secondary sexual characteristics and affect psychological well-being.
Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine emphasizes that testicular cancer mainly affects young men, and its early symptoms may be subtle and easily overlooked. Regular self-examination and timely medical evaluation are key to early detection. Once diagnosed, patients should actively cooperate with standardized treatment. With continuing advances in medical technology, cure rates for testicular cancer have improved markedly, and even some patients with advanced disease still have a chance of radical cure.